Synthetic detergents, which are also known as syndets, were developed to overcome the difficulties faced while using soap as a cleaning agent. Soaps when used in hard water precipitate the calcium and magnesium salts, due to which it's effectiveness as a cleaning agent deteriorates. In addition, edible oil & fats, which could be put to other uses, are used as raw materials for the manufacture of soaps. These problems are circumvented in synthetic detergents that are highly stable in hard water and do not consume valuable and expensive oil for their manufacture.
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